The impeller is the core component of turbo engines, turbocharged engines, etc. The most common one now is the turbocharger of cars. The shape of the overall impeller is relatively complex, and the distortion of the blades is large, which is prone to machining interference. Therefore, the difficulty of its machining lies in the rough and fine machining of the flow channel and blades.

Process 1:

According to the principle that the impeller processing must be aligned with the flow channel, Process 1 adopts the clamping method of using a three jaw self centering chuck to support the inlet flow channel of the impeller, achieving alignment with the inlet flow channel. Then, the large outer circle of the impeller is turned first, and then the inner hole is roughly turned. Due to the relatively large size of the outer circle of the impeller, there are blades in the middle part that form intermittent cutting, resulting in slower cutting speed and smaller feed rate.

Process 2:

In order to ensure that the impeller outlet channel is used as the processing reference, we have designed a dedicated three jaw clamping and positioning mechanism. The positioning block is conical and can ensure contact with both sides of the impeller flow channel under the action of spring force, and can move up and down to compensate for the errors in the width size of the impeller outlet flow channel during the casting process. This positioning mechanism has high positioning accuracy, fast speed, and convenient use, greatly shortening the clamping and alignment time. This process can complete all machining of the impeller rear cover plate, center hole, and other parts.

Process 3:

To ensure that the outer diameter of the impeller inlet meets the requirements for hole runout. This process uses specialized soft three claw clamping. Before processing, use three claws to clamp a cylinder to calibrate the inner hole and bottom surface of the soft claw clamping area. The diameter size after processing should be basically the same as the outer diameter of the impeller, which is very important. Because the plane thread accuracy that determines the positioning accuracy of the three jaw self centering chuck is not very high, fully utilizing the positioning accuracy of the three jaw itself cannot meet the design requirements of the impeller's geometric tolerance. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the clamping position of the soft jaw based on the size of the impeller diameter, so that the clamping position of the soft jaw coincides with the turning center of the lathe. If the specifications of the processed impeller are changed and the outer diameter changes significantly, it should be recalibrated to avoid affecting the clamping and positioning accuracy of the chuck due to changes in the working position of the chuck flat thread. When clamping the impeller, the plane of the rear cover plate that has been machined into the impeller should be close to the corrected soft claw bottom surface, so that the machining can ensure the shape and positional tolerance of the impeller.

Artison is a supplier of aerospace components; Products include impeller, turbine, combustion chamber, fastener, etc.

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