At present, there are four basic models of single screw pump impeller: channel type (single channel, double channel), vane type (closed, open), spiral centrifugal type, and swirl type. The performance and structure of various impellers are detailed below. The impeller of a centrifugal water pump is usually a closed impeller used.
1.Runner impeller
A channel impeller is a curved flow channel from the inlet to the outlet. This type of impeller is used to transport media containing large particle impurities or long fibers. Because this model of impeller has excellent anti clogging performance. But its drawback is that its resistance to cavitation is weaker than other forms.
2. Blade type impeller
The semi open and open impellers in blade type impellers are easy to cast and easy to maintain to clean impurities that are blocked in the transmission process. However, his disadvantage is that the gap between the wall of the pressurized water chamber and the blades increases under the abrasion of solid particles in the transportation process, which reduces the operating efficiency of the single screw pump, and because the increase of the gap destroys the stability of the flow pattern of the medium in the flow channel, causing the pump to vibrate. This type of impeller is not easy to transport liquid containing large particles and long fibers. The closed impeller has high operating efficiency and can operate stably for a long time. The axial thrust of the pump is small, but the closed impeller is easy to wrap and is not easy to transport sewage liquids containing large particles or long fibers.
3.Spiral centrifugal impeller
The spiral centrifugal impeller has twisted blades that extend axially from the suction port on the conical hub body. The transmitted medium will not hit any part of the pump when passing through the blades, so it will not damage the single screw pump, and it will also not damage the transmitted medium. Because of the propelling purpose of the screw and the strong passing ability of suspended particles, the pump using this type of impeller is suitable for pumping liquids containing large particles and long fibers.
4. Swirl impeller
A swirling impeller is a type of impeller that is completely or partially retracted into the flow channel of the pressure chamber, and has good anti clogging performance. The particles flow in the hydraulic head chamber driven by the vortex generated by the rotation of the impeller, and the suspended particles do not generate energy themselves. Energy is exchanged with the medium in the flow channel. In the flow process, suspended particles or long fibers do not touch the worn blades, and the condition of more worn blades is relatively light. There is no increase in gaps due to wear and tear, which is suitable for pumping liquids containing large particles and long fibers.
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